Updated: 10th February 2020
In short, honey bees make honey
as a way of storing food to eat over the cooler winter period, when they
are unable to forage and there are fewer flowers from which to gather
food.
Honey is ideal for bees - it is full of nutrients and is a great energy food, because it is high in sugars.
When you consider that whilst flying, a honey bee's wings beat about 11,400 times per minute, you can guess they need a great deal of energy!
They also beat their wings to regulate the temperature in the hive - even when they are not flying out to forage for food, there is tremendous activity in the hive, and all this work requires energy.
You will find a very full description of this process on my page How Do Bees Make Honey? (but the question 'why?' is different!)
However, briefly:
Now, again, if you are wanting to find out HOW bees make honey in greater detail, then see this link.
But for now, why not read on...
Well imagine this. You're stuck in your home, and the weather is so bad, that you're unable to go out and get food, and even if you could go out for food, there wouldn't be much around anyway!
That's what it's like for honey bees in winter. Whilst they may be able to forage on a dry, cold day, it's unlikely there will be many flowers for them to forage on.
For this reason, they collect, then store their food to last them through the winter months.
Then, come spring, the weather will warm up, the flowers will begin to appear, and they'll be able to collect food again.
Assuming
there is plenty of food available for the bees from plant and tree blossoms,
and assuming the weather is okay for the honey bees to venture out,
then hopefully there is plenty of honey so that it's alright for humans
to take some of it.
Remember that in the wild, predation is natural. Other insects, mammals and even birds (often with the help of another predator) will steal some of the honey from honey bee nests!
Skilled beekeepers have a good idea about how much honey they can take without harming a colony.
There's more to honey than meets the
eye! Honey is a sugary substance made by bees using the nectar they have collected from flowers. The bees mix this with a special substance called the 'bee enzyme'.
A basic scientific formula is as follows:
Sucrose (nectar)
+
invertase (bee enzyme)
=
fructose + glucose (honey).
There are different presentations (set, comb honey and so on) and there are also subtle differences between honeys from different bee hives, depending on where the bees have been foraging. For further information, take a look at my page: Types Of Honey.
The honey you are familiar with, is made only by honey bees. Bumble bees
don't make honey as such, but in a sense, they make their own version
of it. You can read more about this 'bumble bee honey' here.
For bumble bees, it's more a case of storing nectar for a short time
period, because bumble bee colonies do not last as long as honey bee
colonies do.
Honey bee colonies have to feed a colony of workers plus the queen through the winter. With bumble bees, only the queen survives, and the rest of the colony will die.
However, there is another type of bee, referred to as the Melipona, which is a genus of stingless bees, and which makes a type of honey in small quantities, but this type of honey is not widely available.
Read more about stingless bees or take a look at the following pages you may find interesting below:
The Honey Bee Life Cycle
Read
Honey bee life cycle
Go from Why Do Bees Make Honey to this page about the life of the honey bee.
Honey bee facts
Some quick, fun facts about honey bees here!
Return from Why Do Bees Make Honey to Home page
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